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Brindha, S.
- Small Cell and Cell Zooming Approach for Cost Effective Green Cellular Communication
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, IN
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, IN
Source
Networking and Communication Engineering, Vol 5, No 7 (2013), Pagination: 330-334Abstract
The meteoric growth in wireless communication applications and hence the corresponding growth in the cellular network infrastructure to be provisioned has resulted in a growing concern on the energy consumption of the network, the carbon footprint and the electromagnetic pollution. Cell size in cellular networks is in general fixed based on the estimated traffic load. However if the cell size can be adjusted according to traffic, it can save a lot of energy and cost. Cell Zooming is a new concept which adaptively adjusts the cell size according to traffic conditions. Implementing cell zooming in cellular networks needs to introduce some new components and functionalities to the current network architecture. Another technique is to divide the existing cells into a number of small cells covering a few metres each having a low-power, low-cost base station (BS). Umbrella macrocells would be needed to ensure area coverage while most of the data traffic is carried by a large number of small cells. When traffic is very low in one cell, it can even be switched off for some time to save power. When traffic is too low all small cell BSs can be switched off keeping the main BS on, which sends beacon messages to sense the traffic load. This project is aimed at combining these two techniques to simulate a green cellular architecture and to determine the electromagnetic pollution index (EPI) and total energy consumed by the network in different traffic situations.Keywords
Cell Zooming, Small Cell Networks, Energy Efficiency, Electromagnetic Pollution Index.
- Effect of Decomposed Ipomoea carnea, Sheep Droppings and Pongamia Leaves on the Growth and Yield of Rose Plant
Abstract Views :177 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
M. Deivanayaki
1,
S. Brindha
1
Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Zoology, Government College for Women (Autonomous), Kumbakonam 612001, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 PG and Research Department of Zoology, Government College for Women (Autonomous), Kumbakonam 612001, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 8, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 135-138Abstract
A study was conducted for a period of 60 days on the effect of partly decomposed Ipomoea carnea, sheep droppings and Pongamia pinnata leaves on the growth and yield of rose flowers. The ratios of total nodes, leaves and flowers of rose raised in the respective organic manures were 107:456:26, 91:339:20 and66:302:18. Of the three organic manures used in the rose cultivation, the manure prepared from Ipomoea carnea showed better results over the manures derived from sheep droppings and Pongamia pinnata leaves, though all of them have high nutrients. From the current result, it is inferred that the organic materials used have a positive role in the growth and yield of rose as revealed by increased values, though a differential effect was noticed in the said manures.Keywords
Ipomea carnea, Sheep Droppings, Pongamia pinnata Leaves, Rose Plant.- Repossession and Recognition System: Transliteration of Antique Tamil Brahmi Typescript
Abstract Views :246 |
PDF Views:81
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, Chennai 600 089, IN
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, Chennai 600 089, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 120, No 4 (2021), Pagination: 654-665Abstract
Tamil is among the ancient languages in the world with a rich literature. Recognition of antique Tamil scripts is difficult and different from the present form of the language. The character recognition of Brahmi script poses a big challenge even today. In this paper, a new technique for extracting the features is proposed, and converting the ancient Tamil script into the present form. Initially, the system is implemented by performing the pre-processing steps. Then the characters are individually separated using the segmentation process. The processed image undergoes a new feature extraction technique, where the system applies a chi-square test to check whether all the zoning feature values of the image are independent or dependent. The characters are recognized from the extracted features using neural networks. NNTool is employed to train the featured image and the data are compared with the database to recognize the Brahmi characters. The feature extraction technique along with the neural network achieved recognition rate accuracy of 91.3% and error rate of 8.7% using the confusion matrix. Our experiment has been simulated using MATLAB.Keywords
Ancient Script, Chi-square Test, Confusion Matrix, Feature Extraction Technique, Neural Networks.Full Text
References
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- Jose, T. M. and Wahi, A., Recognition of Tamil handwritten characters using Daubechies wavelet transforms and feed-forward backpropagation network. Int. J. Comput. Appl., 2013, 64(8), 0975–8887.
- Tharwat, A., Classification assessment methods. Applied Computing and Informatics, 2018.
- A Comprehensive Survey of Various Localization Methods in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Abstract Views :332 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications, Vol 8, No 6 (2021), Pagination: 818-829Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) has had an evolutionary impact in recent days. The various changes in lifestyle and other critical influences have a huge impact on the growth of IoT. IoT in localization-based applications has attained remarkable attention, especially in the localization/positioning of vehicle tracking, health sector, etc. Localization is vital for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) in wireless communication technologies. VANET is prominent for most accident prevention, vehicle tracking, and efficient transportation applications. Most of the existing systems contain GPS technology integrated with vehicles for localization-based applications. The evolution of IoT replaces GPS in the VANET localization application. Various localization solutions are evolved in the literature, but it fails to meet the localization precision according to the consumer needs. In this survey, we have done depth analysis of existing technologies and techniques in the field of localization along with IoT. The analysis includes various parameters like RSU usage, Cooperative Localization methods, VANET localization effects, etc. This study describes that the RSU structures did not improve localization accuracy; instead, it minimizes the required mobile anchor nodes in VANET. Different VANET operations and their results related to real-world scenarios are discussed in detail. Finally, as a result of this potential research, a refined methodology is introduced for future research.Keywords
Localization, VANET, IoT, GPS Technology, Cooperative Localization Methods.Full Text
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